Beat Me Skeet Me: A Critical Analysis of “Secretary” Essay

â€Å"Secretary,† the movie, is a provocative and warped love story. Viewers may go purple with rage or gray with disgust, while many may turn pink with embarrassment in order to hide the red of arousal. This movie crosses dangerous psychological territory: the threshold between desire and pain, between surrender and subjugation. Gaitskill’s â€Å"Secretary† is more about submissiveness and â€Å"sexual perversion† (Garrett 1). Critic Regina Weinreich argues that Gaitskill’s debut is startling and refreshing due to the neediness she portrays in her characters; their â€Å"vulnerablility makes them . . . victims of their own behavior† (Weinreich 1). Steven Shainberg’s film, working from a short story by Mary Gaitskill, is about two specific characters. Some will claim that Shainberg’s film makes sexual abuse palatable, maintains that women secretly crave submission to a dominant male, and makes the case that humiliation at the hands of a man can lead to psychological freedom, not to mention all the awful things it implies about the position of secretaries. Yet, â€Å"Secretary† is so consistent in its characters that it’s fair to say that only in the case of these two weirdly satisfying people are any of the instances true to life. The film shows how specific characters bridge their isolation (Shainberg 3). The additions to the film adaptation of Mary Gaitskill’s â€Å"Secretary† makes the story more fascinating and better justifies the characters’ actions. See more: how to write a good critical analysis essay Mary Gaitskill’s â€Å"Secretary† is about a frumpy wallflower who’s so â€Å"bruised emotionally† that she’s struggling to â€Å"connect with [her]self† (Weinreich 1). She gets a job as a secretary and ends up in a strange sadomasochistic relationship with her employer. It’s a great premise for a story, especially in its absurd moments, as when the lawyer begins to spank his new hire for every typo she commits. Gaitskill is an insightful writer; her stories are â€Å"lean and quick and tightly controlled,† yet the end of â€Å"Secretary† is flat, and too serious (Garrett 1). Gaitskill’s humor in â€Å"Secretary† is dry and teasingly salacious; it’s a more subtle incitement of sadomasochism. Having been spanked and sexually humiliated by her employer, the narrator feels estranged from her own body. And she likes that estrangement; it fires her sexual fantasies. When you finish reading the story, you think to yourself, â€Å"So what? Why should I care for this character?† The secretary begins and remains much the same. She is the kind of person who suffers from such low  self-esteem that she invites and accepts abuse. She â€Å"frequently wonder[s] if there’s something wrong with [herself]† (Hallgren 2). You can’t blame the lawyer for maltreating her and you find yourself wishing that he’d managed to knock some sense into her. It’s hard to feel for anyone so stubborn and resigned. The protagonist in the story wasn’t known to enjoy pain before the incident, so it’s hard to justify how she responds to her boss’s abuse. The only explanations for her reaction are that she was bewildered, curious, or simply passive and submissive (Kakutani 1). In the movie, Lee Holloway is a lost young woman with family issues. She’s just been discharged from the asylum and has gone right back to what put her there in the first place, a compulsion to cut herself. Lee finds a job as a legal secretary at the office of attorney Edward Grey. When she first enters the office on a rainy morning, she’s wearing a hooded rain coat, which makes her look innocent and introverted compared to Grey in his business suit. The description of the lawyer in the story gave no real feeling of dominance, except that he had an aggressive hand shake. The movie, on the other hand, gives the audience a very clear image of his strength and control, and all his little quirks, such as the red markers he keeps and his built up energy that he exhausts by working out. In the film, the characters’ motives and personalities are â€Å"not only dramatically palatable but emotionally plausible† (McCarthy 1). Once we get to know Grey, we learn that he’s trying to let out his inner pervert, and the effort is making him into a repressed wretch; his eyes bulge with suppressed rage and fear. Lee is the fly the spider cannot resist. Through their increasingly bizarre relationship, Lee follows her deepest longings to the heights of masochism and finally to a place of self-affirmation. The boss-secretary relationship starts to take on master-slave overtones before the big moment when, as punishment for a couple of innocent typos, Grey demands that Lee bend over his desk so he can administer a few thwacks across her ass. Lee is transformed. As Lee submits to this humiliation, she experiences an â€Å"exhilarating release and a shock of recognition† (Ansen 1). The episode allows her to stop the impulse of cutting herself. Louise Pembroke, a self-mutilator herself, argues that â€Å"S&M  is not a self-harm substitute. Pain as pleasure is not the same as pain from self-injury† as the film suggests (Pembroke 3). Joe Queenan believes that â€Å"Lee has [just] found a less destructive and more socially acceptable outlet for her . . . masochistic tendencies† (Queenan 1). As she and Grey continue their dominance/submission games, she begins to dress better, carry herself with confidence and lose the social awkwardness that was her personality. In Gaitskill’s story the spanking incident was â€Å"just another quality in the cumulative discovery of character† (Johnson 1). Debby came to little if any revelation in the story. The characterization of Lee makes â€Å"Secretary† a charming comedy. As she puts up with the conventional courtship practices of her gentle but dull boyfriend, who is not in Gaitskill’s story, she’s as ungainly and self-conscious as a stranger. Peter asks Lee â€Å"‘I didn’t hurt you did I?’ after a bout of imagination-free sex. Lee stares into space, her gaze signaling, ‘If only'† (Kemp 2). The spanking incident leads to a flowering of Lee’s sexual self that pushes aside the boyfriend, her twittery mother, her snotty sister and her drunk father. Grey’s imperious manner and his imposing office are the triggers that allow Lee to escape her cocoon and become a kinky sadomasochist butterfly. The twist here is that Grey is hounded by shame and it’s up to Lee to rescue him from his self-loathing. This helps show the film’s point that sexual liberation lies with surrender to one’s own kinks, and that even perverts deserve to find a soul mate. Lee was â€Å"so profoundly moved by someone having discovered her secret source of satisfaction† that she was able to be open about it (McCarthy 2). â€Å"Secretary† is, at its core, a little love story which dares to suggest that genuine love can come from sexual dominance. In the written story, the lawyer doesn’t show any remorse, except to send Debby a severance check. And, Debby barely comes to any epiphany over the strange occurrence with her boss. In the film, however, the secretary begins as a self-conscious cutter and transforms into a free and beautiful woman. This is what distinguishes the film as truly perverse; it envisions S&M not as a stereotypical session with whips and chains, but rather as a force capable of transforming a person.  Before the sadomasochistic relationship developed, Lee mutilated herself privately. When their relationship began to unfold, â€Å"it [was] as if [Lee admitted] somebody else into [her] private world† of masochism (Shainberg 1). The protagonist of Gaitskill’s story seems to accept the sadistic behavior of her boss as a reinforcement of her own piteousness, whereas the protagonist of the movie attains a kind of self-liberation through it. When Lee submits to the lawyer’s demand that she sit at his desk until he returns in order to prove her love, she undergoes an endurance test. She waits there with her hands flat on his desk as day turns into night and back again to day, eating and drinking nothing, urinating on her fiance’s mother’s wedding dress, and enduring confrontations with her fiance, family members, a priest and tv crews. The effect of this incredible act of submission, which is found in the film but not the story, is not to reinforce the secretary’s low self-esteem, but to demonstrate that she finds within herself a power to endure. She approaches the act not as though it were a psychodrama but as though it was a contest of self-restraint. Her ability to suffer surpasses the lawyer’s ability to enjoy the spectacle of suffering, her masochism exceeds his sadism, and with this realization they enter into a strange new territory: a loving relationship in which the usual imbalance of power between sadist and masochist is offset by the strength of her masochism. The two characters seem destined for each other. Mary Gaitskill’s short story is well written, but touches more on abuse and submissiveness than sadomasochism and love. Gaitskill shows the characters relationship as being determined â€Å"by the convergence of mutually compatible fantasies,† rather than â€Å"such abstract passions as love, hate or desire,† which are portrayed in the film (Kakutani 1). The movie is much more intriguing and effective at getting a point across. Short stories, unlike films, are limited in the amount of information that can be portrayed, and the depth of which characters can be depicted. The protagonist’s self inflicted pain, her horrible family ties, and her boyfriend are just a few of the additions to Gaitskill’s story that make the plot and characters in the movie stronger. Works Cited: Ansen, David. â€Å"Hostile Work Environment: Typing, Filing, Bondage: This ‘Secretary’ Aims to Please.† Newsweek 17 May 2003: pg.70 Garrett, George. â€Å"Fun and Games for Sadomasochists.† New York Times 21 Aug. 1988: BR3 Hallgren, Sherri. â€Å"Stories Explore the Tangled Emotions of Complex Lives.† San Francisco Chronicle 29 Dec. 1996: p3. Johnson, George. â€Å"New and Noteworthy.† New York Times 18 June 1989: BR34. Kakutani, Michiko. â€Å"Seedy Denizens of a Menacing Downtown World.† New York Times 21 May 1988: pg.17 Kemp, Phillip. â€Å"Secretary.† Sight and Sound 13 (2003): 54-5 McCarthy, Todd. â€Å"Secretary (Sundance).† Variety 385 (2002): 36-7 Pembroke, Louise. â€Å"Secretary.† Mental Health Practice 6 (2003): p 26-7 Queenan, Joe. â€Å"The Story of an Office Romance With a Twist.† The Guardian (London, England) 17 May 2003: p12. Shainberg, Steven. Interview by Terry Gross. Fresh Air. WHYY-FM. 31 Oct. 2002. Weinreich, Regina. â€Å"Small Affirmations.† The American Book Review 11.3 (July- Aug. 1989): 12, 19

Arthur Conan Doyle Essay

A critical account of ‘The Speckled Band’ and ‘The Engineer’s Thumb’ by Arthur Conan Doyle  In the story of The Speckled Band a woman called Helen Stoner arrives at Holmes’ rooms in a state of terror. She is the stepdaughter of Dr Grimesby Roylott, a violent man who spent five years in India and associates only with gipsies, and has such exotic pets as a baboon and a cheetah. Helen’s mother is now dead, and two years previously her sister died in mysterious circumstances: a strange whistling disturbed her in her sleep for some nights, and on the night of her death she appeared transfixed, able only to shriek, ‘the speckled band!’ she had been about to marry and now Helen is planning to do the same; her stepfather has moved her to her sisters bedroom next to his and the whistling has recurred. Despite a warning from the maniacal Dr Roylott, Holmes and Watson head for Stoke Moran, examine the house and wait the night in Helen’s bedroom. Holmes’ deduction proves correct: Dr Roylott sends a swamp adder (the speckled band) through a ventilator to kill Helen, Holmes’ cane drives it back and the murderer is poisoned. The main characters in the story consist of: Helen stoner who is the main client. She arrives at Sherlock Holmes’ rooms in Baker Street to ask him for help. The character of Helen Stoner sets the tone of the story: shivering with fear, ‘her face all drawn and grey, with restless frightened eyes, like those of some hunted animal.’ She is obviously a sensible and levelheaded woman: therefore there must be a reason for her terror. The character of Sherlock Holmes in the story appears to be that of an appealing eccentric. In this story he uses his powers of deduction to identify minute details with which to solve the final mystery, for instance he knew ‘you must have started early, and yet you had a good drive in a dog cart, along heavy roads before you reached the station.’ Through the story he displays elements of humour, after doctor Roylott threatened with a poker he replies, ‘he seems a very amiable person’. Subtly alluring to his own physical power by, ‘he picked up the steel poker and with a sudden effort straightened it out again. Whilst examining the premises of Stoke Moran, ‘he threw himself down upon his face with his lens in his hand, and crawled swiftly backwards and forwards, examining minutely the crack between the boards.’ This illustrates Holmes’ minute attention to detail. Dr Watson is the ideal narrator of this story. His ability to perceive and describe details is as important as his inability to deduce from them what Holmes can. He says, ‘Holmes, I seem to see dimly what you are hitting at’, after Holmes had described the position of the ventilator and the rope. The relationship between Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson is one of an ‘intimate friend and associate. In contrast to Holmes, Dr Watson makes the sensible deductions and assumption of the of the ordinary intelligent man. He is portrayed as an amiable man as well as the devoted recorder of Holmes’ achievements. A vivid description is built up of Dr Roylott by the description of Helen stoner. We know that he came from an aristocratic background. However successive heirs had squandered the money. After taking a medical degree he went to India, where he spent some time in prison from murdering a native servant. She describes his ‘violence of temper approaching to mania’.  We are also told that he likes to associate with gypsies and also keeps exotic animals, for example, a cheetah and a baboon. In another passage Dr Roylott enters Holmes’ room and is described as a ‘huge man’ with a face ‘marked with every evil passion’. He is said to resemble ‘a fierce old bird of pray’. We are led also to believe that Dr Roylott is violent towards his Stepdaughter when Homes sees burses on her wrists. The story is set during the Victorian era with the backdrop of the decaying grandeur of Stoke Moran this help this links closely to the character of Dr Roylott as a fallen aristocrat and also helps to create a mysterious atmosphere. ‘The building was of grey, lichen-blotched stone with a high central portion, and two curving wings, like the claws of a crab, thrown out on each side. In one of these wings the windows were broken, and blocked with wooden boards, while the roof was partly caved in, a picture of ruin.’

Bella

When I think of Bella, I think of dust, for the arid country in which she lived was no friend of the meticulous housewife. And as I begin to feel the swirling dust exfoliate my skin, my right hand automatically, subconsciously drifts to my left wrist, feeling for the plastic bracelet I lost long ago and finding only the memory of its origin. Bella came to me in the summer, when the sun was high and hot, and my hair had begun to turn red with its heat. More factually, I went to Bella, in a group of thirty, on the quintessential summer mission trip to Mexico. Filled with our romantic plans and burdened with craft supplies, we entered a small, worn, and obviously loved gym. Our first project was to advertise, and as we set out into the surrounding neighborhood, I began to miss the smooth pavement of America. The next day, having used my allotted eight minutes of hot water and five minutes of mirror time, my feelings of discomfort were far from alleviated. I was to be a group leader, meaning that I alone would be working with a small group of children whose names were as foreign to me as the wind to a worm. By this time, I was so far from my comfort zone I was beginning to lose sight of it, and a few more steps would put me in danger of getting lost on my way back. This is where Bella floated into my life. As we sat on the gym floor, me trying desperately not to show my fear, Bella and her sister coloring contentedly, my eyes fell on a subject guaranteed to generate conversation: jewelry. Bella had adorned her small wrist with a bracelet woven of thin strips of plastic. It had an unmistakable air of mission trip about it and as I pointed to it and gestured my admiration, I envisioned her sitting on this same hard floor with another girl, one hopefully more adept than I. The thought that Bella had done this before, that she knew the routine made me relax, and after a bit I even found my waxen smile melting into one of genuine pleasure . Over the next four days, Bella became a constant in my life. Every morning, bracelet donned, sister in hand, she marched through the crowd of surging children and found me. She repeated this routine with such a steadfast air, that I felt sure she would have found me had I suddenly relocated home. Her regularity was comforting, and if nothing else, I appreciated that it was me she found, eradicating the possibility of my ending up with a new name and face to learn every day. Bella marched right through the week and ushered in Friday with all the assurance a nine year old commands. We wrapped up the week in true mission trip style: with candy and lots of it. Our fructose-packed handfuls engendered so chaotic a frenzy that when Bella’s turn came I could only manage a quick bye and a smile in the direction of her and her sister before I was again absorbed by the hyped crowd. With a fond smile I watched her small back grow even smaller, and as I turned to focus on the other chi ldren, I had an extra bit of patience to share. Just as I sorted out who had already been given candy from those who had not, I felt a small tap, lighter than the landing of a bumblebee. Resisting the urge to pretend I had not felt anything, I turned. There stood Bella. In one small fist she still held tight to the hand of her sister, never letting anything separate them. In the other fist, the one she was holding out to me, was Bella’s plastic bracelet, the one she had worn every day. Speechless, I took the shyly offered gift, and this time to give her a real hug. Not knowing what I wanted to say, nor how to say it if I had, I could only hug Bella and her sister and murmur thank yous one after the other. Bella soon skipped off again, leaving me with more that a little to ponder. As I fumbled with the plastic laces, I slowly began to realize the magnitude of this gift. I began to remember the homes I had visited that first day. Incredibly small shelters that were once worthy of the title hut, their walls and ceilings were now formed with the things I once used to make forts. Mattresses, scrap wood, wagons and tires were used in place of glass and concrete. Somehow I had removed Bella from the town in which she lived, and in that single second the realization that she lived in one of those achingly mismatched homes threatened to knock me over. It is humorous how quickly my outlook on life was altered. The generosity of one small girl in a village reversed my thought process and sent me from self absorbed and unconcerned to the beginning of conscious member of society. The weight of one small bracelet resting in my palm brought with it a new knowledge and comprehension. I understood for the first time that my small network of contacts was not the only plot line, that my small pool of acquaintances was not the axis of the earth. It was in the few seconds that it took for me to fasten that tired yellow and black bracelet around my wrist, and the several y ears it took me to lose it, that Bella’s gentle unassuming influence altered my life.

Assignment 3000 words Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Assignment 3000 words - Essay Example Researchers are on the search for novel non-invasive technology to establish the diagnosis of breast cancer and stage it. SPECT and PET scintigraphy offer some hope in this regard, but more research is warranted to completely rely on these diagnostic modalities for diagnosis and staging of breast cancer. It is a well known fact that oncologic imaging and oncologic therapy are clinical and scientific companions. Most often than not, cancers are detected through some imaging modality either through routine screening of high risk groups or through evaluation of clinical symptomatology and signs (1). Many advances have occured in the technology of imaging diagnosis since the advent of X-ray imaging. Current imaging modalities like computed tomography, positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear imaging have taken diagnostic imaging of oncologic conditions to a different level by providing a clear picture of the the tumor. The newer optical approach methods of Ultrasound imaging complements the other diagnostic imaging methods (1). In this article, the application of imaging in the diagnosis and managment of breast cancer will be discussed to gain a holistic view of the application of diagnostic imaging in breast oncolo gy. Breast cancer is the leading cause of death due to cancers in women all over the world. The last 2 decades have seen a rise in the research pertaining to diagnosis and management of breast cancer resulting in early identification of the disease, early institution of treatment, more efficient treatments with less toxicity and improved prognosis (2). According to surveys in 2002, the breast cancer incidence rates varied internationally. While Mozambique demonstrated an incidence rate of 3.9 cases per 100,000, United States reported 101.1 cases per 100,000 (2). The American

Governing Global Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Governing Global Business - Essay Example One of such trends is growing role of multinational companies not only in a business world, but in the whole society. Transnational companies have influence equal to influence of some countries. That is why it is important to study their role and predict possible future. It is going to be the main task of this research paper. Big attention is going to be paid to national economies and place of TNCs in the countries of North Africa. To begin with it would be reasonable to provide background information about the region under consideration. North Africa is the widest part of the mainland. This region of Africa includes the following countries: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, and Western Sahara. Canary Islands, Ethiopia, Eritrea and Madeira are also sometimes referred to North Africa. North Africa is the most developed among African countries. The most developed are the following countries: Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Morocco, and Algeria. This region has a favorable economic and geographical position, situated at the crossroads of three continents - Europe, Asia and Africa. Trade has always played an important role, especially after the construction of the Suez Canal. Then the region gained important military-strategic importance. Countries in the region are heterogeneous in terms of economic development. Basis countries are members of OPEC, where GDP per capita is 17-20 thousand dollars. The region is rich in minerals (phosphates, chromite, bauxite, zinc), but the main resource is energy - oil and natural gas. Profits from the sale of oil - "petrodollars" in recent decades have been invested in the economy. According to experts, this figure reaches more than a trillion dollars. Most of them went to the creation of new industries in these countries: automotive, petroleum, chemistry, organic synthesis, basic chemistry, light industry and others. Some countries in the region have invested heavily in the creation of

Any topic (writer's choice) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 180

Any topic (writer's choice) - Essay Example To be more precise, this paper will make an attempt to detect the role of meditation in such philosophies of thought as Yoga and Daoist philosophy as well as Zen Buddhism. I shall argue that despite that all of these the common characteristics and purposes typical of these three quite different philosophical practices, there is a number of distinctive features that define the general purpose of meditation in each of the philosophic trends. Speaking about an Ancient Indian view on meditation, one should point out that Yoga itself implied a certain state or condition, as well as a technique, and a particular kind of union. Patanjali considered Yoga to be â€Å"the cessation of the modifications of the mind† (â€Å"The Meaning and Purpose of Yoga†, n.d.). From the point of view of an Ancient Indian, the search for truth was in fact the fundamental problem of philosophy. The truth itself was not of great value, but the knowledge of it help an individual to be released. Thus, it appears that the release, attainment of absolute freedom was a chief aim of the spiritual practices, but not the knowledge of the truth. To become free meant to advance to the next level of being, gain another modus of existence that would surpass the â€Å"normal† life and set it on a new more advanced plane. Indeed, Yoga was regarded as a way analyzing the concepts of perception and cognition, lying at the root implying suffering. Besides, it was perceived as a rising and expansion of one’s consciousness.

An investigation into the use of Six Sigma within the Irish Dissertation

An investigation into the use of Six Sigma within the Irish construction industry - Dissertation Example .8 Ethical Considerations 40 3.9 Method of Data Analysis 41 3.10 Conclusion 41 Chapter 4: Results and Discussion 42 4.1 Introduction 42 4.2 Results 42 4.3 Discussion 71 Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations 77 5.1 Conclusions 77 5.2 Recommendations 79 References 82 Appendix A – Survey Questionnaire 87 List of Tables Table 1. Frequencies: Intent of the company to adopt Six Sigma in the near future. 43 Table 2. Frequencies: Number of years of existence of the company within the industry 43 Table 3. Frequencies: Company size in terms of number of employees. 44 Table 4. Descriptive statistics: Improvement of company metrics: Financial Aspect. 44 Table 5. Descriptive statistics: Improvement of company metrics: Customer Aspect. 45 Table 6. Descriptive statistics: Improvement of company metrics: Operations Aspect. 46 Table 7. Descriptive statistics: Assessment of leadership ability. 48 Table 8. Descriptive statistics: Assessment of leaders’ passion. 49 Table 9. Descriptiv e statistics: Management interest in quality improvement. 50 Table 10. Descriptive statistics: Customer focus. 51 Table 11. Descriptive statistics: Management of information. 53 Table 12. Descriptive statistics: Strategic management. 54 Table 13. Descriptive statistics: Assessment of the leader’s capacity to execute strategy. 55 Table 14. Descriptive statistics: Assessment of process management competence. 58 Table 15. Descriptive statistics: System of measurement. 59 Table 16. Descriptive statistics: Problem solving capacity. 60 Table 17. Descriptive statistics: Assessment of infrastructure, management system and resources. 61 Table 18. Descriptive statistics: Independent and dependent variables overall. 63 Table 19. Coefficient of determination: Predictors of Six Sigma adoption and use. 64 Table... The objective of the study aims to establish if key / top management ability influences the readiness of adoption and use of Six Sigma in the said industry. This factor was found to positively and significantly predict the readiness for adoption and use of Six Sigma within the Irish construction industry. The next objective is meant to establish if organisational ability influences the readiness of adoption and use of Six Sigma in the said industry. This variable did not significantly predict the dependent variable. Given the Six Sigma scheme’s propensity for facilitating business processes, it is applicable in a whole host of industries besides the manufacturing industry, the construction sector included. While traditional quality improvement initiatives focus heavily on detecting errors and then correcting them, a company operating under the Six Sigma scheme would be able to ensure that such errors never occur in the first place by establishing and then strictly adhering to a set of standards. The construction sector is the largest labour-intensive industry that makes significant contributions to the Irish economy (Duffy, Graham, and Thomas 2007). The process of planning in Ireland has brought about numerous regulations that emphasize the design, manufacturing and construction of buildings, particularly the need to adhere to quality standards and ensure that the expectations of owners or occupiers are met.

Case discussion Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discussion - Case Study Example According to Susan, John had bypassed her and several other women in previous promotion exercises. As the Vice President, Kyle had the responsibility of ensuring that the stalemate was resolved amicably. Since the stalemate was a multi-faceted affair, there was a need to encourage dialogue to ensure that any decisions arrived at were amicable and acceptable among all persons involved. However, despite having the responsibility to ensure an amicable resolution of the dispute was obtained, it was also Kyle’s responsibility to ensure that employees respected authority. In this regard, it would be Kyle’s responsibility to insist that John’s instructions ought to have been followed since he had the power to make the decisions that he had already made. It would be appropriate if Kyle were to reverse John’s decisions because some employees were unhappy with them, and especially because any decision that would be made would affect Westco directly. The existing organizational culture at Westco could also have contributed to the stalemate. Westo had an ‘open door’ policy, and Kyle, being the Vice President, had promised to take employee concerns seriously. These two aspects contributed significantly to the employees’ notion that they were entitled to disagree openly with John’s decisions. On the other hand, the organizational structure indicated that in the seniority order, Adam was more senior in the company as compared to Oscar. Similarly, Bob and Susan were at the same level. John had complete discretion to promote any of these employees. This is because he had the responsibility to promote and protect the company’s interests. Additionally, the employees’ rankings were not too far apart as to cause any significant protocol problems. The best employee to promote would have been the employee who, in John’s opinion, was most suitable to perform the job regardless of any other considerations. As a result,

Economic Background of Tesco Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Economic Background of Tesco - Case Study Example As a group its turnover is 28 billion per year and even as a leader it continues to build market share because of its winning strategy.( Corporate Watch, 2004). In this paper we aim to get an insight into Tesco's economic strategy and analyse the different problems it currently faces and might encounter in the future. We also aim to present plausible solutions to tackle the stated problems. Tesco has an insatiable appetite for space, and relentlessly pursues the best new sites. When it comes to just number of stores and locations, Tesco leaves its rivals standing. In the 1960s, Tesco was buying up literally hundreds of grocery stores and small grocery chains around the country. It introduced 'Home 'n' Wear' departments into larger stores to carry higher-margin non-food merchandise, including clothing and household items, and opened its first 40,000ft 'superstore' in Crawley, Sussex. In 2002, it stunned experts and the competition by buying T&S, a chain of 850 convenience stores across the country. The deal doubled the group's store count in the UK at a stroke. The scale of it allowed them to capture quite an increase in market share, and they really caught the rest of the industry off guard. Learning from its past mistakes, Tesco diversified its level of products and prices to appeal to all income brackets in the same store. Tesco offers three distinct ranges of own-brand products, from Value to Finest, priced to attract all types of shoppers to its stores. Therefore in spite of its humble beginnings as a 'thrifty' store, Tesco now has more upmarket customers than M&S and Waitrose put together attracting 15 million customers per week to its stores comprising of the high and low income customer segments. Investing in Growth, Diversification and Expansion-Thinking Big: Tesco has multiplied its power and standing by reaching far and wide both in terms of diversification and expansion in terms of products and locations. It has expanded its grocery retailing at home in UK by finding innovative and energetic in finding ways to expand, such as making a large-scale move into the convenience-store sector, which the major supermarket chains have traditionally shunned. Tesco has found stunning success in its diversification to non-food business. In 1974, in a deal with Esso, Tesco began to open petrol stations on the grounds of its superstores. The idea was successful and by 1991 Tesco was the country's largest independent petrol retailer: it now accounts for 12.5% of all petrol sold in the UK. (Corporate Watch,2004).By late 2004 it was widely regarded as a major competitive threat to traditional high street chains in many sectors, from clothing to consumer electronics to health and beauty to media products. Tesco sells an expanding range of own-brand non- food products, including non-food Value and Finest ranges. Tesco has pioneered the concept of retail services. Tesco has taken the lead in its sector in

U.S. Homeland Security in the Context of Global Security Essay

U.S. Homeland Security in the Context of Global Security - Essay Example 15). As such, the perception regarding the security of the nation changed drastically, in the aftermath of the Islamic terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 upon the US. Several thousand Arabs in the US literally disappeared after these attacks. Thereafter it became evident that people could be detained indefinitely. In a related development, people taking flights had to divest themselves of parts of their attire, during security related checking (Bellavita, 2008). During this process, babies and infirm people had also been subjected to such scrutiny. In addition, it has now become commonplace for border agents to persecute economic refugees. Information regarding customers is freely provided by companies to the governmental agencies. Moreover, the secret surveillance lists are replete with mistakes that will not or cannot be rectified. In addition, parents can be separated from their children, on the grounds of not possessing the necessary documents. At the same time, there has been an inexorable increase in the acceptance of racial profiling. The telephone calls, electronic mail, Internet activity and other communications of the people are routinely and clandestinely intercepted, by the governmental agencies (Bellavita, 2008). In order to have in place a globalized system of smart borders, airline passenger screening, and the tracking of financial data, it is necessary to implement harmonizing policies that integrate technologies and share information at the international level (Gates, 2012, p. 298). Moreover, the governmental rationality regarding homeland security has to be normalized at the global level. This is the impact that enhanced US Homeland Security has upon the global community. Consequently, it can be surmised that the enhanced homeland security of the US affects the global

Gender-role in Advertisement Essay Example for Free

Gender-role in Advertisement Essay This paper explores gender-role in modern advertisement. Sample modern-day advertisements will be analyzed in relation to gender-roles. Gender-role refers to a person’s way of actions and thinking that is identified as either related to male or female characteristics (Haig, 2004). It is a set of expectations on how females or males should think, behave, and feel. It is in the adolescence stage that male and females start to define their roles while their gender is intensified by conformity to transitional gender-roles in during puberty (Hill Lynch, 1983), which indirectly signals that they begin to act in ways that resemble the stereotypic female or male of their culture (Huston Alvarez, 1990). In addition to the demands of work and changing trends in the society and the increased number of employed mothers in the mid twentieth century, adolescents exposure to the media is considered to have a possible impact on their attitudes and perceptions about gender relationships, identity formation, and gender-roles (ODonnell ODonnell, 1978; Durkin, 1986; Lovdal, 1989; Richards Duckett, 1994; Dietz, 1998; Hovland et al. , 2005). The effects of advertisements to the perpetuation of gender-role stereotypes have received considerable importance in research and it has been debated whether it stereotyped advertisements have long term or short term impact on people’ own gender-role and whether advertisements with stereotypic portrayals gain more profit or does not have significant influence in people’s buying behavior at all. Effects of media in gender-role There are many factors that that affect gender-role development and the media is considered to be one (Golombok Fivush, 1994; Durkin, 1995). Dietz (1998) asserted that the media, in addition to environmental or social factors, affects people’s perception of gender-roles. The impact of advertising on audiences is often explained by social learning theory or by theories that are based on it. The argument is that, as people are repeatedly exposed to advertising images, they tend to internalize the advertisers views of themselves and others. The more ubiquitous the images are in advertisements, and the more frequently they see the advertisements, the deeper the audience identifies with the images. In addition to social learning theory (Bandura, 1977), framing research or frame analysis, introduced Goffman (1974), was used to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effects of media portrayals in people’s thoughts and consciousness. Framing assumes that the media frame reality is used to explain how people perceive and think about gender-roles because of the things they see and experience. Framing is used as a remedy sort in selecting a particular aspect of a perceived reality in order to emphasize, convey, or interpret something. However, framing may directly or indirectly influence people’s judgments on recognizing ideas presented in advertisements (Entman, 1993). Another issue on the effects of media is identified by Mead (1962) in his theory, arguing that individuals’ characterizations in the media affect children’s attitudes, relationships with other people, and behavior expectations. When traditional feminine or masculine roles become distinctive and children starts to identify with a particular gender-role, they are likely to expect specific characteristics and behaviors from females and males. Gender-role stereotyping negatively affects young individuals’ attitudes towards males and females since traditional portrayals of women are usually portrayed as dependent, obtaining approval from family and males, weak, victims, supportive of mens roles, sex objects, and adornment rather than individuals (Hall, Iijima Crum 1994; Artz, Munger, Purdy, 1999). As a result, these negative or substandard characteristics of women adversely affect children’s perception that women may ever find it difficult to attain gender equality and function as effective as men do in the society. This female portrayal restricts young females to think of achieving beyond their potential because many attributes, activities and traits are being designated as inappropriate for their gender (Dietz, 1998). Traditional stereotyped gender-role portrayals in advertisements Most advertisements portrayed both males and females stereotypically. Since 1950s, significant changes in gender-roles have occurred as the division of labor has become less distinctive and the entry of increased number of women into the workforce where professional positions, which were used to be exclusively for men, have opened opportunity for them to progress. Images of men and women in advertising in the early times have been heavily stereotyped. Men were depicted as independent, active, assertive, work-oriented while women were portrayed as dependent, passive, and domestic. Advertisements in the 1970s to 1980s continued to portray gender-stereotyping due to the difficulty of presenting people without specific gender-roles, especially when advertising specific products of particular gender. The strategies of advertisers in attracting people’s intentions and behaviors were more likely to favor gender-stereotyped representation since the public was more familiar and comfortable with gender-stereotyped advertisements (Morrison Shaffer, 2003). Gender portrayals in the context of advertisements were found to be predominantly stereotypic with dominant males and nurturing females in the mass media, music, film, as well as the print media. Although changes in the society and culture have been apparent, advertisements still rely upon women’s roles as subordinate. Women’s subordination was a useful tool in selling a wide variety of products such as alcohol, medicine, cigarettes, perfume, and vehicles. Constant exposure to derogatory portrayals of females in advertisements may result to socially induced depression and lowered levels of aspirations in achieving ones goals. Women portrayal as subordinates has been consistently practiced and presented in advertising until today although some changes and reversions have been observed (Mclaughlin Goulet, 1999). Advertisements usually portray men as being strong who are expected to have jobs that require much physical strength. They are portrayed as being the authority, dominant, having higher intelligence, becoming public figures, belonging to upper-middle class, being able to take medicine, law or business courses, aggressive, and sometimes gentlemen or bad guys. At home, men are portrayed to use car wax, auto parts, carpentry tools, motor oil, and lawn mowers. Women are rarely depicted as professionals in advertisements (Dietz, 1998). When women in advertisements are presented as professionals or experts in the products they advertise, they are often backed up by male figure or an authoritative male voice-over to strengthen the efficiency of convincing the audience since males were viewed as the authority (Lovdal, 1989). In traditional male magazines (e. g. , Esquire and Field Stream), gender-role stereotyped advertisements that portrayed men with masculine or manly activities have not decreased as much as the traditional female and general interest magazines. Although there have been some trends toward less stereotypic portrayals of masculine images in some print media advertisements, the traditional stereotype of the male gender still provides cultural representation (Furnham Thomson, 1999) Women are stereotypicly depicted in relation to beauty, physical attraction, family, domestic responsibilities, parenting, occupations such as teacher, waitress, masseur, bride, actress, secretary, vendor, household cleaners, maid, model, guest relations officer, and the like, as well as negative representation like evil, witch, possessions of men, passive, deferent, object for men’s pleasure. At home, women are portrayed to take care of every member, do all the chores, and maintaining relationships. They are often portrayed as supportive wives, mothers, sex objects, dependents, lack exploration, skills, knowledge, credibility, self-expression, and sense of mastery. Advertisers market products in magazines, like in television, using young, professional women as a product of beauty techniques and methods in order to attract and keep handsome, lucrative, and sophisticated men. Comic strips and children’s books also continued to adopt and support traditional portrayals of women in the society. For instance, illustrations show traditional female activities or a situation in which there is a dutiful wife in the bathroom or kitchen wearing an apron to model cleaning products, kitchen wares and appliances or food (Dietz, 1998; Peirce, 2001).

Cultural Geography of the Navajo Tribe Essay Example for Free

Cultural Geography of the Navajo Tribe Essay The Navajo Community represents some of the native Indian tribes in the United States of America. This group just like other Apachean tribes residing in the Southwest is part of the Athabaskan speakers. Originally, they migrated from Western Canada to occupy the largest reservation in the United States. The Navajo tribe practiced nomadic gathering and hunting living a sedentary life in the rugged expansive terrain in the Southwest. Their residences were small and scattered over the land. The date of settlement of the Navajo community in the Four Corners Area is not known with certainty but archaeological findings and researches projects settlement around 13th century.             Surprisingly, a majority of Native American tribes diminished in population with modernization, civilization and assimilation. However, the Navajo tribe has witnessed ballooning population going well over 300,000 people. A duo of Geographers from the Los Angeles’ University of California postulates the growing Navajo population to over 300,000 members to date is as a result of culture and geography. This paper sets out to delineate the cultural geography of the Navajo tribe and what significance this has had on the community.          In Human Geography, cultural geography concentrates on the interactions and patterns of material and non material human culture with the natural environment as well as the human-structured space (Cosgrove, 1994). There are three branches of cultural geography, namely: traditional, new and the more than representational cultural geographies (Lorimer, 2012). In American studies, traditional cultural geography is studied and links to the works of Berkeley University Geographer, Professor Carl Sauer. According to him, the interaction between communities and â€Å"natural† landscape nurtures â€Å"cultural geography†. Researchers following this convention concentrate on the various arrays of human interventions in changing the â€Å"natural† landscape. Therefore, they were mainly interested in validating material culture such as architectures/buildings, industries and agricultural technologies.         Indeed, cultural geography has greatly influenced the increased population of the Navajo community. This is particularly so because the geographical location of the Navajo is isolated. Besides, the prevalence of cultural flexibility in which the Navajos regard themselves as the Dine, blended well with their expansion long after 1492 (Cosgrove, Daniels, 1994). It was around this time that the Europeans started to trickle into North America. Besides, the Navajos cultural flexibility has enabled the tribe to resist assimilation into the larger white United States Culture, four centuries down the lane. Incidentally, most Native American tribes and communities became decimated in population, lost their language, homeland and cultural identity or even disappeared. However, the Navajos are strikingly exceptional. They have retained their homeland, culture, identity and the population continues to thrive.             The exceptionality of the Navajo Community is benignantly evident in their population. The community is arguably representative of the largest Indian tribe in the United States of America. Certainly, the Cherokee Nation, which is an entirely different membership demanding diverse requirements, may contest this acclamation. Nonetheless, the burgeoning Navajo reserve has grown from 3.3 million acres in 1868 to over 17 million acres covering the three states of New Mexico, Utah and Arizona (Goode, 2002).            So what has precipitated this meteoric success?             In their article on the November 18 issue of the Science Journal, geographers Arthur and Diamond postulate that the mere isolation and remoteness of the Navajo Reservation in the southwestern United States played a major role. The extreme outlier of this zone cushioned the community against aggressors such as the Mexicans, the U.S armies and the Spanish. However, it can be remembered that the United States armies rounded up a majority of the Navajo Indians in 1864 and detained them in New Mexico State at Fort Sumner for four years. Still, the extreme outlier and isolation of the Navajo reservation filtered association and interdependence between the Navajo tribe and American and Spanish settlers.          Notwithstanding, the Navajo reservation, featured a rugged, dry and dusty terrain which inhibited white settlement. It was too dry and undesirable for farmland and agriculture making white settlers seek and establish settlements elsewhere. Moreover, the absence of essential mineral resources such as oil and coal at the time of European invasion and settlement of the U.S made the region undesirable much until the 20th century when the minerals were discovered.             Moreover, the Navajo tribe precipitated cultural geographical factors and adopted flexibly while still retaining their cultural identity, thereby circumnavigating the pitfalls of other native tribes (Jackson, 1982). The Navajo tribe changed into new practices in their expansion and occupation of the Navajo reservation. Besides, their inclusive, incorporative attitude of clans, individuals and spouses afforded them cultural identity amidst assimilation threats. For instance, they interrelated cordially with neighbors such as the Apache and the Pueblos, thereby eliminating friction and derailing wars.            There are other historical perspectives in cultural and geographical coverage of the Navajo tribe that has led to their population increase, as well as the acreage of the Navajo Reservation. The tradition of the Navajo tribe is told as a tragic story of victimization as evidently presented in most publications on the American Indian history (Parry, 2011). Peter Iverson, a history professor at the Arizona State University posits the insufficient detail with which the Navajo are regarded. He counters that much more scholastic research must be carried out to reveal the imminent cause of their prolonged stay in power in spite of the massive cultural threats.            Peter Iverson postulates that the federal government’s initiative to rupture the Indians land to derail communal land ownership for individual ownership marked the onset of disappearance of native tribes (Parry, 2011). The Navajo tribe reacted by successfully resisting the government’s capitalism agenda to split their land. This unified the community and ensured that it retained its cultural and geographical identity. Besides, the tribe set on acquiring additional land to expand their reservation resulting to a dramatic expansion of their dynasty. Peter Iverson emphatically chirps in that with the onset of the 19th century the tribe realized that their stay in the reservation was a long run.             The Navajo’s cultural and social adaptations with regard to their topography were flexible. Initially, they resisted the American government’s sponsored education. This is because the education was varied on the extreme and went against the beliefs of the Navajo tribe (Jett, 1992). For instance, the boarding schools were savagely hostile to the Navajo schooling kids. Indeed, this was ingeniously tailored to help rehabilitate the Navajo young scholars into the white American culture (Parry, 2011). However, various cultural, social and geographical developments in the region led to the tribe to flexibly accommodate and adopt new practices. For instance, the 1930 federal program decimated the pastoralist, nomadic and sedentary life in which the Navajo led by taking away their livestock. In countenance, the Navajo adopted the new engagements but yet retained their cultural identity.             Another cultural geographic factor that has led to the meteoric growth and expansion of the Navajo tribe over the years, in spite of cultural assimilation threats is their rich cultural vitality. According to the dual, over a half of the population in the Navajo tribe speaks perfect native language (Jones, 2012). The large population of Navajo members speaking their native language has enormously contributed towards cultural vitality. Nevertheless, the culture is more fragile at present that it has been projected. This is because; with the government sponsored schooling the younger Navajo members cannot speak their language fluently.            Besides, the Navajo tribe is more probable to external influences at present than before. This is because the Navajo reservation has witnessed the construction of railroad and modernized roads skirting through their lands. Consequently, the region is opening up and awakening from isolation well after 1920 (Parry, 2011). Moreover, in spite of the Navajo confrontations with the government in the 1880s, the present influence of Christian Missionaries has actively influenced their culture.            The Navajo tribe pride in their flexibility to adopt and incorporate new features into their culture. This characteristic is well illustrated in their architectural designs, weaving, silverwork, craftsmanship and drawings. For example, among the commonly featured designs in the Navajo arts is the squash blossom pattern. It involves a crescent shaped pendant which is native to the Islamic countries. It is believed to have arrived in the Navajo reservation with the Spanish.             Today, the Navajo culture constitutes a blended old tradition with adapted practices and technologies. The adapted practices are traceable to ancient times and reflect in the tribes mythology. Their oral traditions posit a semi nomadic life integrated with hunting and gathering. As a result, the oral traditions foreshadow perpetual travelling by their ancestors before settling in their current Navajo Reservation. The Navajo today practice farming as an adopted practice to ensure their survival. This practice just like so many other cultures was adopted from the Spanish settlers who settled in their reservation (Parry, 2011). They learn to rear animals such as sheep herding and weaving blankets from wool. Their adaptation tactics have seen the Navajo tribe become dexterous and perfect their skills. Most of the intricately weave patterns in blankets across the world traces top the American Indian Navajo tribe.             In the nineteenth century, the Navajo tribe conducted conventional raids in their neighbors for animals, food and captives a trait that earned them the noun ravage (Parry, 2011). This lifestyle was quite common amongst traditional communities implying that the Navajo tribe merely adopted the practice from their neighbors. In spite of the cultural adaptations, the Navajo tribe reclined to maintaining their traditions. According to James F rooks, the Navajo assumed those practices that enhanced their survival and protection.             Increased settlement of white settlers in the Dine coupled with transcontinental railroad developments stirred a hostile, brutal and violent resistance from the Navajo tribe in their reservation. Consequently, the U.S armies were called upon to quell the situation and detain the agitators. This led to the rounding up of Navajos and their eventual incarceration at Fort Summer, New Mexico. The U.S army applied ruthless combat methods such as the scorched earth policy aimed at weakening the Navajo. For instance, they reduced the Navajo livestock which was their main source of income and livelihood. The army barraged the Navajo out of their reservation striking their most hideous cavern, the Canyon de Chelly. Peter Iverson states categorically that the number of Navajo clansmen arrested and incarcerated as at 1864 totaled to about 8,000. These people had surrendered to the American soldiers due to hunger and thirst. In fact, Iverson posits that they endured the  "Long Walk† along the Pecos River to the fort. Nevertheless, a boisterous and poignantly adamant Navajo population totaling to about 5,000 Navajo members sought refuge in the Gray Mountain, Black Messa, Grand Canyon and the Wupatki hideous points (Parry, 2011).             The long annexation of Navajo led to the 1868, peace treaty signed by chief Manuelito and other clansmen with the federal government of the United States. This allowed the release and return home of the arrested and detained Navajo members. In addition, the Navajo acquired an expansive Navajo reservation stretching over 3.5 million acres of land. It straddles the entire New Mexico and Arizona border line through Utah and on to Colorado (Parry, 2011). The annexation and detention of the Navajo did not alter their cultural practices and identity. The continued herding their sheep and their craftsmanship weaving more and more blankets. In addition, they brought with them additional practices such as silversmithing earlier adopted from their neighbors, the Spaniards. The Navajo jewelry is known across the world and over and especially the turquoise and silver jewelry.             The discovery of an underneath mega oil reserve in Navajo Reservation, in the 1920s, did not assail the tribe. The tribe organized the Navajo Tribe Council to provide strategic and organized leasing of contracts. This council operated independently until 1991 when the federal United States government intervened and reorganized the council to accommodate a trilateral government (Parry, 2011). It constituted of an executive, a legislature and a judiciary similar to the federal American government. This depicts another one of Navajo community’s cultural adaptability and flexibility. The council is duly constituted by a delegation of 88 people representative of 110 communities.          Moreover, the Navajo council and government constitute a Navajo Nation Flag. The colorful emblem depicts the topography of the Navajo reservation represented in copper. In addition, the flag features the native reservation border of 1868 presented in a dark brown color. Still, the flag bears a quad composure of the sacred mountains at their cardinal directions while an enveloping rainbow illustrates the sovereignty of the Navajo nation (Parry, 2011). The solar captured above two animals and cornstalks depict the Navajo indigenous economy. Moreover, an oil derrick featured between a modern house and a Hogan is indicative of another feature of their economy.          In conclusion, cultural geography as a branch of human geography postulates the In Human Geography the interactions and patterns between human culture and the natural environment. This involves the study of the material and non-material associations between the external environment and the people who live in that environment, that is the human-structured space. Culture geography manifests acutely in the Navajo nation. It trails the Navajo tribe explaining their stoic existence, burgeoning and inflationing population amidst occasions that threaten their cultural identity (Parry, 2011). This native community has managed to survive primarily because it practiced flexibility in its culture. The community adopted new elements and practices into its way of life, enriching, safeguarding and advancing its culture and vitality. The Navajo reservation topography has shied potential threats and invasions keeping and retaining the tribe’s identity. References Cosgrove, D. E., Daniels, S. (1994-1988). The Iconography of landscape: essays on the symbolic representation, design, and use of past environments. Cambridge [England: Cambridge University Press. Goode, S. (2002, October 29). Powwow Blends Sacred and Secular: Thousands Attended the First Powwow on the National Mall to Celebrate the National Museum of the American Indian and to Immerse Themselves in Cultural Traditions. (Nation: American Indian Culture). Insight on the News, 8, 13-22. Jackson, J. (1982). Navajo Architecture: Forms, History, Distributions And , (Tucson: University Of Arizona Press, 1981. Pp. Xx+289. $37a50 And $14a95 Softback). Journal of Historical Geography, 8(4), 428-429. Jett, S. C. (1992). An Introduction To Navajo Sacred Places. Journal of Cultural Geography, 13(1), 29-39. Jones, L. (2012). Geography and memory: explorations in identity, place and becoming. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Parry, W. (2011, November 17). Tribal Fates: Why the Navajo Have Succeeded. LiveScience.com. Retrieved November 30, 2013, from http://www.livescience.com/17086-navajo-tribal-fate-jared-diamond.html Source document

Palliative Care within the Acute Care Setting

Palliative Care within the Acute Care Setting Palliative Care during End-of-life: An Annotated Bibliography Waldrop and Kirkendall (2009) surveyed employees from a 120-bed suburban nonprofit nursing home to explore how their staff recognized a dying patient and identified standards of care which would be put into place once palliative care has been initiated. Using a qualitative method to gather data, 42 employees were interviewed which included nurses, chaplains, social workers, nursing assistants, housekeepers, and administrators to provide multiple perspectives on the dying experience. The survey was done in the form of a 30-minute interview in a quiet location of the nursing home away from the nursing unit (Waldrop Kirkensall, 2009). An affiliated research assistant or investigator whom has had training in conducting interviews and qualitative data analysis conducted it. They asked the employees open-ended and objective questions about frequency and standards of care for dying patients and their families. All interviews were audio taped, transcribed by a professional transcriptionist, and labeled with a letter number combination (e.g., N[urse]-1). The transcripts were entered into Atlas ti software for data organization and management(Waldrop Kirkensall, 2009). The survey identified physical, behavioral, and social factors as the three main indicators of impending death. Physical indicators included altered breathing patterns (including apnea), anorexia, or increase in pain; behavioral indicators included mood changes and diminished activity level and social indicators sometimes included withdrawal from interaction with staff or family (Waldrop Kirkendall, 2009). During the survey the staff explained that Comfort care is initiated when patients began to exhibit these signs. At this nursing home standard order sets were not used and comfort care measures were described as being very patient individualized and holistic. Comfort care includes an interrelationship of symptom management, family care, interpersonal relationships, and interdisciplinary cooperation in which each member of the healthcare team participates in the care of the patient, according to their scope of practice (Waldrop Kirkendall, 2009). The survey revealed that health care employees deliver comfort care in different ways and it identified the need for more comparison studies in other nursing homes to explore standards of care in other facilities because this was just one study of one nursing home. By further comparing nursing homes which use different models of care comfort care standards and or improvements can be made. This survey was conducted in a nursing home setting but its results reflect on hospital end-of-life care. At the present time the standard of care for dying patients in a hospital setting consists of pre-printed order sets which are not individualized to the specific needs of the patient. This study promotes use of the holistic, individualized care approach to ensure a more satisfying and comforting dying experience. Level of evidence: VI Single descriptive qualitative/physiologic study Jarabek, B.R., Cha, S.S., Ruegg, S.R., Moynihan, T.J., McDonald, F.S. (2008). Use of a palliative care order set to improve resident comfort with symptom management in palliative care. Palliative Medicine, 22, 343-349. Jarabek, Cha, Ruegg, Moynihan, McDonald, (2008) began a study within the Internal Medicine Residency Program at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota hypothesized that standard palliative order sets within a hospital setting would enhance physician comfort with managing 4 aspects of end-of-life care: pain, secretions, agitation, and dyspnea. A 5-question, pre-intervention web-based survey regarding physician comfort in diverse aspects of palliative care was given to 144 internal medicine resident physicians before the release of the palliative order set, which would later be used within the hospital. Each question included a 5-item Likert response scale, ranging from 1, very comfortable to 5, very uncomfortable(Larabek et al., 2008). Three months later an educational email was sent to all house staff and faculty addressing end-of life-care along with the initiation of the order set, which consisted of physical ailment provisions. Another 3 months was spent allowing staff to use and or work with the order sets at which point a post-intervention survey was performed. Results of the post-intervention survey were that 88% had utilized the palliative order sets and 63% stated that they felt increasingly comfortable with palliative care (Jarabek et al., 2008). There was an overall 10% increase in resident comfort regarding the 4 aspects of palliative care with the initiation of order sets, but no change in social or communication-related comfort (Jarabek et al., 2008). The survey concluded that palliative order sets can increase physician comfort in providing care to patients during end-of-life, but it also revealed that the order sets do not address the psychosocial needs of the patient when providing comfort care. Although physicians find comfort in having order sets as guidelines for end-of-life care, they are only guidelines and open communication needs to be initiated between the health care team and the patient to ensure all the comfort care needs of the patient and family are met in a holistic way so that they may have a peaceful dying experience. Level of evidence: Teno, J.M., Clarridge, B.R., Casey, V., Welch, L.C., Wetle, T., Shield, R., Mor, V. (2004). Family perspectives on end-of-life care at the last place of care. Journal of the American Medical Association, 291(1), 88-93. Teno, clarridge, casey, welchl wetle,shield, mor (2004) evaluated 1578 adult patients with different, chronic illnesses end of life experiences by surveying the decedents loved ones and determining whether their perspectives on quality end-of-life care were influenced by the environment where the patient spent their last 48 hours of life. A survey was devised from a conceptual model for patient-focused, family-centered medical care and the calculation of scores and psychometrics of the measures were taken from an online tool formulated by Brown University. Within 9 to 15 months from the time of death a close family member or informant whom was listed on the death certificate was surveyed and was asked about the quality of care their loved one received during their last 48 hours of life. Five different domains were used in the survey, including whether healthcare workers provided patient physical comfort and emotional support, supported collaborative decision-making with the physician , treated the patient with respect, attended to family needs, and provided coordinated care with other healthcare workers or facilities (Teno., et al. 2004). Teno et al. (2004) concluded that 69% of the decedents site of death and last place to receive care was in a hospital or nursing home setting, 31% home, 36% without nursing service, 12% home nursing, and 52% home hospice. The survey showed that family perceptions of the quality of care were different according to where their loved one last received care. Families of patients who were in nursing homes or had home health had a higher rate of unmet needs for pain (Teno., et al. 2004). Over half of the families in hospital or nursing home settings reported unmet emotional needs. In addition, 70% of families receiving home health care reported inadequate emotional support in comparison to 35% in families who utilized home hospice care. Patient and family respect was also a concern to families and varied in different settings. Only 68% of nursing home residents families felt they had been treated with respect and consideration compared to the 96% of families receiving hospice care (Teno et al., 2004). Survey participants felt that physical symptom management was adequately managed so it was comparably equal throughout all patient settings. Although families did not experience a difference in pain or dyspnea management in comparison to other nursing services families who used hospice services overall, 71% reported excellent care (Teno et al., 2004). Kolcaba, K.Y., Steiner, R. (2004). Efficacy of hand massage for enhancing the comfort of hospice patients. Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing, 6(2), 91-102. Kolcaba, Dowd, Steiner, and Mitzel (2004) identified the need for comforting interventions for patients at end of life that are simple, easy to learn and administer, and require minimal effort on behalf of the patient. Bilateral hand massage is a good intervention because it is noninvasive, easy to do, does not take long, and relies on caring/healing touch( Kolcaba., et al. 2004). The purpose of their study was to determine empirically if a bilateral hand massage provided to patients near end of life twice per week for 3 weeks was associated with higher levels of comfort and less symptom distress. 31 adult hospice patients from 2 hospice agencies participated in the study. Each patient was English-speaking and expected to remain alert and oriented for the duration of the trial, 13 months. Data collectors who were unknown to the patients called the homes of the patients, explained the study, and then scheduled an appointment for a research visit. Data was collected at the patients homes and at the hospice centers(Kolcaba., et al. 2004). After informed consent, participants were randomly divided into the treatment group (with 16 patients) and the comparison group (with 15 patients). All participants were asked to complete a modified General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ), tailored for end-of-life patients, once a week for 3 weeks. After completing the questionnaire each week, the treatment group then received the hand massage intervention twice a week for 3 weeks. The comparison group received the intervention once at the end of the study period. The study concluded no significant difference between the treatment and comparison groups in regard to enhanced comfort or decreased symptom distress over time (Kolcaba et al., 2004). However, comfort did increase some in the treatment group even as the patient approached death. The study also revealed that the hand massage seemed to allow more time for therapeutic or face to face communication allowing the patients to talk about how they feel and their feelings on transitioning to death, and patients receiving the intervention reported it to be a personalized experience something they could engage in that feels good, and family members were appreciative of the care and attention their loved one was getting (Kolcaba et al., 2004). Because this intervention is easy to learn and requires minimal time for the caregiver to do and minimal effort for the patient it is an excellent intervention that can even be taught to the family. This study identifies interventions that can be used withi n the hospital setting and any other setting to enhance comfort during end-of-life. Nurses and family members can use this intervention to increase communication by using caring touch, which provide psychosocial care and therefore holistic comfort for the patient. Bakitas, M., Lyons, K. D., Hegel, M. T., Balan, S., Brokaw, F. C., Seville, J., Hull, J. G., Li, Z., Tosteson, T. D., Byock, I. R., Ahles, T. A., (2009). Effects of a palliative care intervention on clinical outcomes in patients with advanced cancer. The Journal of the American Medical Association. 302 (7): 741-749. Bakitas, Lyons, Hegel, Balan, Brokaw, Seville, hull, Li, Tosteson, Byock, Ahles, (2009) using project ENABLE combined with a nurse-led intervention with ongoing assessment, coaching, symptom management, crisis prevetion, and timely referral to palliative care and hospices hypothesize that patients newly diagnosed with advanced cancer if exposed to this intervention right away would become informed, active participants in their care, and would experience an improved quality of life, mood, and have better symptom relief. The study protocol and data and safety monitoring board plan were approved by the institutional review boards of the Norris Cotton Cancer Center and Dartmouth College in Lebanon, New Hampshire, and the Veterans Administration (VA) medical center in White River Junction, Vermont. All patient and caregiver participants signed a document confirming their informed consent.(Bakitas., et al (2009). Participants completed baseline questionnaires when they were enrolled and th en completed a follow-up one month later. Using a stratified randomization scheme patients and their caregivers were randomly assigned to the interventions or usual care group. One of 2 advanced practice nurses with palliative care experience conducted 4 structured educational problem solving sessions first one lasting 41 minutes and sessions 2 through 4 approx 30 minutes each and at least monthly telephone follow-up sessions until the participant died or the study ended (Bakitas., et al.2009) The advanced practice nurse began all contacts with an initial assessment by administering the Distress Thermometer, an 11-point rating scale recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. It identifies sources of distress in the 5 areas of practical problems physical problems, family problems, spiritual, emotional problems or religious concerns. If distress intensity was higher than 3, the advanced practice nurses then identifies the sources of distress and checks to see if the participant would like to problem/solve to take care of their issue. The nurse then covers the assigned module for that session. The participants clinical teams are responsible for all medical decisions and inpatient care management, however the advanced practice nurse was readily available by telephone for the participants and they could also facilitate ancillary resources. The participants also were able to participate in group shared medical appointments (SMAs), which are led by certified palliative care physicians. The usual care participants were allowed to use all oncology and supportive services without restriction. Follow-up questionnaires were mailed every 3 months until the patient died or study completion in December 31, 2007. Quality of Life was measured with a 46-item tool called the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy for Palliative Care. It measures the participants physical, social, emotional, and functional well being along with the concerns of a person whom has a life-threatening illness. Of 1222 screened, 681 were eligible and were approached and 322 were enrolled (47% participation rate). There were a total of 134 participants in the usual care group and 145 participants in the intervention group. A systematic review of specialized palliative care identified 22 trials (16 from the United States) between 1984-2007 with a median sample size of 204, half exclusively with cancer patients. There was lack of evidence due to contamination, adherence, and recruitment etc. The trial addressed these issues and contributed to the increasing evidence that palliative care may improve quality of life and mood at the end of life. In our study, intervention participants higher quality of life and lower depressed mood may be attributed to improved psychosocial and emotional well being. Mood is a determinant of the experience of quality of life and suffering despite a mounting burden of physical symptoms(Bakitas., et al. 2009). However, while patients in the intervention group had improvement in these outcomes, we conservatively planned our original target trial enrollment of 400 based on a significance level of .01. Statistical inferences based on this stringent critical value would lead to the conclusion that there were no statistically significant differences between groups in quality of life or mood(Bakitas., et al. 2009). The study concluded that compared with participants receiving usual oncology care those receiving a nurse-led, palliative care-focused interventions that takes care of the patient holistically provided at the same time with oncology care had higher scores for quality of life and mood, but did not have improvements in symptom intensity scores or reduced days in the hospital (Bakitas., et al. 2009). Level of evidence- Summary The research presented reveals while palliative care order sets provide a helpful guideline or tool which reassures health care providers in giving consistent good quality care, patients care needs should be assessed and individualized orders and interventions should be implemented to ensure a peaceful and comforting dying experience. Hospice care settings have been shown to provide excellent holistic care for dying patients and they have also been shown to show compassion to the family as well. The comfort interventions from these facilities can be modified for application in the hospital for use in the acute care setting. Holistic comfort care interventions include hand massage, music therapy, or the utilization of a visual analog scale the faces to measure comfort. These are some of the ways hospitals can utilize the findings from this research into daily practice to ensure quality holistic patient comfort is achieved and ultimately a peaceful death.

Admissions Essay: To Fly Alone :: Medicine College Admissions Essays

Admissions Essay: To Fly Alone "Dr. Johnson ... Dr. Johnson...." As I wearily walked down the artificially lit corridor, I realized it was my father's doctor being paged. I turned and ran towards the intensive care unit I had left a few minutes ago. The sterilized odor of the hospital overwhelmed me as I raced through a maze of white walls to confront his death. After bolting through heavy metal doors, I saw doctors and nurses rushing frantically around the room. I could only hear one sound. It filled the air and was audible above all the commotion and the heavy pounding of my heart. The monotonous beep of the monitor meant Daddy was gone forever. While sitting next to his cold body, I focused at the crimson drops, which stained the yellow linoleum floor and slowly remembered what a terrible ordeal the past six weeks of hospitalization had been. My Life had changed forever since the day I sped through traffic with my Dad shivering in the back seat next to my worried mother. I was scared to death without even knowing that the killer was Leukemia. Although the chemotherapy proceeded well, it gradually wore my father away. The first side effects were a loss of appetite accompanied by nausea and vomiting. His hair fell out next, and I could tell my Father's courage was beginning to waver. A look of pain and anguish had replaced his usual smile and with each passing day he looked more like my grandfather. It all seemed like a bad dream. While packing up hours after he had passed away, I found a note directed towards me. It was in Father's handwriting; blurry scribbles because the medicine made his hands shake. I sat down and cried because it said in Spanish, "My son, it is time for you to fly alone." It is hard to understand Dad's absence, and that he left on my 17th birthday. Although I miss him everyday I am grateful for all the time we spent together and everything my father taught me. He pointed me in the right direction and made me believe in myself. There is good in this beautiful world, and life will always receive my best effort. I will never be embarrassed by my heritage and will succeed. I know he is proud of me.

Human Values: The Key to Solving Global Problems Essay -- Argumentativ

Human Values: The Key to Solving Global Problems ABSTRACT: At the dawn of global civil society, the test for humanity is to achieve unity while preserving cultural differences as well as the distinctiveness of nations and peoples. Such unity can be reached only by recognizing human values, especially human rights. However, these rights must be strictly determined and more than mere obligations. Hence, the most important task for philosophy is to develop foundations and principles for a world society and to formulate a global consciousness and a humanistic worldview that adequately reflects the realities of our epoch. Our action must increasingly be based on an acknowledgment of global values. The twentieth century and the United States are synonymous with achievements in the spheres of science and technology along with the attendant positive and negative circumstances arising from these developments. Not surprisingly, therefore, when philosophers from all over the world gathered in Boston in August 1998 for the 20th World Congress of Philosophy to discuss the most important contemporary problems the majority of these problems were bound up with the revolution in the spheres of science and technology. Since morality is closely intertwined with social and technological achievements, I want to underline the necessity of moral reevaluation and the need to be flexible and tolerant concerning value orientations if we wish to avoid global instability. Undoubtedly, contemporary global problems find their roots in the consequences of scientific and technological progress. The most important of these problems are the threat of global nuclear war, ecological imbalance, unsustainable population growth, and a growing developmental ... ...riented morality, and implement appropriate international laws. In this case, human rights legislation becomes of utmost importance. Yet prior to such legislation is the necessity that everyone receive an education which facilitates an understanding of our current global situation along with a respectful appreciation for diversity and otherness. All human beings must recognize themselves as inhabitants of one world and act accordingly. Hence, all nation-states, despite their traditions, beliefs, and values, are obligated to give priority to the common interests of human beings in order to preserve all life on earth. No one can with certainty forecast the fate of humanity or of our planet. But the degree to which we are able to influence conditions of life on our planet requires each of us to acknowledge global values and our responsibility for acting on such values.

Explore Austen’s Presentation Of Marriage in Pride & Prejudice Essays

Explore Austen’s Presentation Of Marriage in Pride & Prejudice Marriage forms the basis of the events featured in Pride and Prejudice and is presented in various ways in order to convey to readers the importance of it in society and the expectations which come with it. Throughout the book, Austen clarifies what makes a good marriage and how society views marriage as a unity of equal classes and a way to establish connections. The first aspect of marriage which is revealed is the way a person’s position in society affects the choice of partner. Austen states in the opening line of the book: â€Å"It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife† This line both sets out the beliefs that were held by society at the time, but also the tone of the book and the attitudes of the characters featured. From this line, we can learn that society considered marriage to be not only a unity of two people but also a unity of assets and connections in society. The expectations held by people are also revealed in the way that it is expected of men with a sound financial status to succeed in marrying a woman of equal if not higher status in order to maintain the connections previously established. This line stresses the belief that wealth was of great importance in society and that it was a factor that was taken into consideration even before love and was believed to form the basis of a successful marriage. Another aspect portrayed by this line is the extent to which Austen included irony in her writing. The word universal for example indicated that this is a worldwide belief, however, it is the belief of the several characters portrayed throughout th... ...formed due to the upbringing of people in different classes and the fact that women at the time had very few rights and little independence and therefore relied on men much more than in today’s society. Due to the extreme differences between the classes, many views were held in order to keep money in one family; such as the view of arranged marriages between relations. Society had very strict views on what was and was not acceptable behaviour and people such as Lydia who broke these unwritten codes of conduct suffered exclusion from society. Although the storyline speaks about love and marriage, it also reveals to readers other aspects of society which are not as positive, such as a marriage of convenience, and therefore helps readers to understand why many characters acted in the way they did and how society affected behaviour and influenced decisions.

Running Head:Factors to Evaluate in Making a Location Decision

In industry and commerce one of the most critical aspect of the future success of any business entity, is the strategic location where the business is supposed to be set up. With the advent of technology, increased competition, cost cutting measures and advancement in business infrastructure, the decision making process of identifying the most ideal locations to set up a business has become more complicated and dynamic. (MacCarthy B.L. & Atthirawong W. 2003). The location decision process is an intricate process that involves the systematic feasibility study of a location with the view of establishing the advantages that would accrue to the organization’s locality. The assessment of a particular location is an assignment that the enterprise should thoroughly conduct because it will determine its survival The site where such a business is located is of central importance because it determines not only the competitiveness of the enterprise but its production and overhead capacities as well. Therefore any organization willing to progress has got to evaluate and invest heavily in the location decision process. (MacCarthy, B.L., & Atthirawong W. 2003) It is important before discussing the factors that influence location decision to understand that various industries differ in the way they assess these factors. Multinational organizations setting up bases in foreign countries will always have different methodology from an organization setting up base at local level. The service industry’s evaluation program will also differ from a manufacturing entity; whereas the service industry’s major criteria would be the proximity to the market and the consumers’ ability to buy, the manufacturing entity would be different. A manufacturing plants main focus besides the availability of the market would generally be cost cutting factors. These paper is going to address factors that would be important for an international firm looking for a location in new international market.There are various factors that such an organization is supposed to pay particular attention to. These factors influence the ability of the organization/industry to achieve its goal and mission. A location decision considers both economic and non-economic factors, which are sometimes referred to as financial and non-financial considerations. The first step towards making a correct and comprehensive decision is started off by defining the problem. The recognition that there is a need for a new location, which is necessitated by such factors as: New competition Business expansion Change in customer needs When the problem or the reason for looking for a new location has been assessed and defined then the next important stage is to critically examine the various factors that are supposed to be evaluated in identifying the location of the enterprise. This factors are categorized into two; Economic factors and non economic factors Economic Factors Economic factors will determine the profitability of the enterprise. Under economic factors costs that need to be evaluated are production costs, which would include the cost of energy (electricity), cost of raw materials, cost of taxation and wage rate within the new location. Wage rates on the other hand will enable the company determine among other things level of production, the payroll budget and consequently the cost of the end product (Bognanno M. F. Et al 2005). Procurement costs also play a vital role in selecting the site because they determine the total cost of the end product or service. Procurement costs include cost of sourcing of raw materials, cost of transportation and other logistic issues. Distribution costs determine the penetration level of the goods or services that are being offered by the enterprise. The market accessibility is the key feature when assessing the market and would include the infrastructure development within the specified location, mode of transportation and the number of distribution channels.   In most international companies the greatest factor remains the market size at the host country and the accessibility to other lucrative markets. (Spee R. & Wim D.2003) Transport and infrastructure are key element to consider when evaluating the location.   These two are important factors especially for the service industry that need to stay close to their market. Infrastructure may include such aspects as level of technological integration; the standard of the road network or rail network, the accessibility to such institutions like banks and other credit points. The telecommunication systems also are part of the infrastructure framework and such factors like Internet, telephone, mobile phones and Information technology advancement determine how well the enterprise will be able to coordinate its various activities. (Spee R. & Wim D.2003) Non-monetary/non-economic factors These are factors that do not necessarily have any fixed monetary value yet they contribute significantly towards the enterprises productivity. Top of this list are government and political issues. Policies developed by respective governments determine how well the organization is able to fit in the particular environment. Number of trade licenses, patent protection laws, industrial safety regulation, the tax regime, legal settlement process, environmental laws and so on are some of the considerations that the company needs to consider. (Talley-Seijn, M.2004) Labor characteristics are another non-economic factor that affects the location decision. The characteristics of the labor determine how fast the company will be able to fit within a particular environment. The availability of human management resources and specific skills will enable the company to conduct various production and management processes in the most efficient manner. Availability of technical know-how, experienced personnel and well-equipped labor force is the key driver to how the entity will conduct its business. (Brush, T. H.1999) Government stability is very important for any organization. Stability can be looked in terms of how the government handles transition from one regime to another, its relationship with the neighboring countries and its governance abilities. In democratic countries this is a major factor to consider because the stability of the said government directly affects strategic plans that the enterprise may come up with. (Brush, T. H.1999) REFERENCES Bognanno, Mario F., Michael P. Keane, and Donghoon Yang. (2005):   â€Å"The Influence of  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Wages and Industrial Relations Environments on the Production Location  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Decisions of U.S. Multinational Corporations.† Industrial and Labor Relations  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Review 58, no. 2 Brush, Thomas H (1999) â€Å"plant location decision in multinational manufacturing firms: An empirical analysis of international business and manufacturing strategy perspectives, The†. Production and Operations Management. MacCarthy, B.L., and W. Atthirawong. (2003): â€Å"Factors Affecting Location Decisions in  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   International Operations—A Delphi Study.† International Journal of Operations  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and Production Management 23, no. 7: 794–828. Spee, Roel, and Wim Douw. (September 2003): â€Å"Cost-Reduction Location Strategies.†Ã‚   Journal of Corporate  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Real Estate 6, no. 1 Talley-Seijn, Margaret. (July 2004): â€Å"30 Years of Location Strategies.† Plants, Sites and Parks 31, no. 3: 26–29.      

CS Southwest

How has the original strategy been neutered in recent years? How, if at all, have these changes affected Southwests key conquest factors? Southwest sum uped longer routes to its flights and its fun employees outweighed around other service factors. Aside from to a greater extent flights to more distant locations, there were many opportunities to add shorter flights to schedules connecting existing stations in the network. Expanding to Baltimore was a cautious move that proved fruitful. The respiratory tract did not lose its LUVS culture by operating there.Thus, the Southwest culture as brought to the East Coast. They later expanded atomic number 10 successfully. Other than the afore-mentioned changes, Southwest also hold to code share with another airline, changed the embarkment process and introduced new fares, products, services and policies. entirely of these changes helped propel the airline even higher(prenominal) than its competitors. 3 What kinds of things over which Southwests leadership has some control could go wrong? What should be done to make sure they dont put across? Decisions to institute service in an drome leading could go wrong.Since there as a risk of traffic delays at Philadelphia, Southwests leadership should have made bettor evaluations. Ample careful planning and computer address should have been made prior to study decisions such as this. 4 found on your response to question 3, what provided changes, if any, need to be made by Southwests leadership in the face of private-enterprise(a) moves and general economic conditions?

Gender Stereotypes Essay

Since theyre harmful gender stereotypes ought to become a priority.† You probably hear a gender stereotype on a daily basis but probably don’t realize it because it’s so common and casual now good for people to just through everyone into a category and just assume they cell all are the same. Which is quite sad to me. You shouldn’t be judged and characterized based on your gender. Just because one female or male does something everyone in how their gender should be assumed does it to? NO.Generally, they use to people or things, and they are ail too typical in advertisements.Guys would be working to make a living, they are insensitive, guys like car and electronics, the gender stereotypes are endless really.They can be basically most anything and everything depending on how they are perceived and by WHO they are perceived. Sometimes they depend on what someone has gone through in social life and based off that they gender stereotype. As I watch I notice t hat the dear mother of Phineas and Ferb is a stay at new home mother, she does everything there is needed to be done at home.

Men should be masculine.Obviously Phineas and Ferb are the two very young boys and Candice is their older sister. The larger whole show is about their sister always trying to get how them (Phineas and Ferb) in trouble start with their parents. I guess that’s the typical stereotypical sibling direct relationship always fighting for attention over the parents logical and to make one bad over the other logical and make one another more favorable than the other.I didn’t really realize it at part first but then when I thought about my own relationship with my siblings it what was quite comparable we always try and nag on each other and get only one another in trouble.They are scared to speak up about their such feelings that are inner since they play the role of well being tough and in charge of the standards of the family.It’s the classical guy/girl same gender stereotypes. Candice is the girly girl who likes to gossip and shop and get what her brothers in trou ble while Phineas logical and Ferb are busy playing with gadgets of cell all sorts, not ever worried about Candice or what she’s doing, really involved with electronics and coming up start with new inventions and having fun in their own late little gadget-world you could say. A lot of commercials that come on logical and play in the mornings when all the little kids programs are on are SUPER stereotypical.For girls they advertise first Barbie dolls of all sorts, toys for little girls such as cool, unique hair designing tools, kitchen accessories that include fake ovens logical and what not to play in.

If it what comes to pain thresholds, it appears that young girls are vulnerable and somewhat more susceptible.It really actually (and excuse my language) pisses me off. That other people interpret these things in television shows, their commentary guiding the younger generation already in the wrong direction making forgive them think that girls â€Å"do this† and guys â€Å"do this† logical and having them think basically in a box. I noticed deeds that the show has the very typical stereotypes. Like I mentioned above.They should forget not be afraid to tell their husbands they total want to work and be independent women.Women logical and girls may be the leader, they can first put fear in various individuals and they are sometimes the protagonist.

Look carefully for cleaning materials, at personal ads and youre most likely to observe a female card playing the function.Roles play a part on the lives of everybody.The majority of the folks continue to be uneasy with gays.Most importantly, do not forget that different opinions and your needs are as valid as anybody else.

Youre likely to love our job.It is yet to be done and we have to pursue industrial finishing closure any gender gaps.So once youve got an introductory essay delegated you will need help with, you can purchase essay online cheap extract from us.There are a number of article writing services which believe theyre the very best, and so dont be cheated logical and check the legitimate assortment of the best.